K-55 cushions have cloth, usually canvas, vulcanized into the top of the rubber to adjust rebound accuracy and speed. On a carom table, the K-55 profile is used (with a somewhat sharper angle than pool cushions). When installed properly the distance from the nose of the cushion to the covered slate surface is 1 + 7⁄ 16 inches (37 mm) while using a regulation 2 + 1⁄ 4-inch (57 mm) ball set. The standard on American pool tables is the K-66 profile, which as defined by the Billiard Congress of America (BCA) has a base of 1 + 3⁄ 16 inches (30 mm) and a nose height of 1 inch (25 mm). The profile of the rail cushion, which is the cushion's angle in relation to the bed of the table, varies between table types. The purpose of the cushion rubber is to cause the billiard balls to rebound off the rubber while minimizing the loss of kinetic energy. These cushions are made from an elastic material such as vulcanized rubber (gum or synthetic). There are several different materials and design philosophies associated with cushion rubber. : 27 Parts and equipment Cushions Ĭushions (also sometimes called "rail cushions", "cushion rubber", or rarely "bumpers") are located on the inner sides of a table's wooden rails.
An obsolete term is billiard board, used in the 16th and 17th centuries. : 115, 238 More specific terms are used for specific sports, such as snooker table and pool table, and different-sized billiard balls are used on these table types. In the modern era, all billiards tables (whether for carom billiards, pool, pyramid or snooker) provide a flat surface usually made of quarried slate, that is covered with cloth (usually of a tightly woven worsted wool called baize), and surrounded by vulcanized rubber cushions, with the whole thing elevated above the floor. Brunswick & Bro., Proprietors, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1865 adĪ billiard table or billiards table is a bounded table on which cue sports are played. Larger tables may require multiple lamps to properly light the playing surface. JSTOR ( September 2022) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Slate is chosen because of its ability to maintain a flat, consistent playing surface.This article needs additional citations for verification.
Slate – higher quality billiard tables always have slate as the basis for the play field. The head and foot rails are the short rails on those ends of the table the right and the left rails are the long rails, dictated by standing at the head of the table and facing the foot end.īlinds – Vertical piece of wood coming down from the rails to “hide” where the slate attaches to the rail and the cabinet. Top Rails – The top surface of the table, no covered by cloth, from which the cushions protrude toward the playing surface. May be provided from manufacturer with assembled (Unibody construction) or in individual components (Knocked Down, or KD construction)Ĭushion – The cloth-covered rubber which borders the inside of the rails on carom and pocket billiard tables together the cushions form the outer perimeter of the basic playing surface. Play Field – The surface of the table on which the game is played.Ĭabinet – Main body of a billiard table.
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